Also known as humanization, evolution is a continuous process of transformation of species through successive changes in generations, and that is reflected in the change of allele frequencies in a population.
Theory:
+ Creationism and other theological concepts of evolution.
Creationism or creationist theory alongside other theories with theological concepts of evolution, by its very nature, through studying theology and defined in one way or another life, man's origin, destination and ultimately, evolution.
The intention is not the explanation of other philosophical or religious theological concepts of evolution, with varying degrees of influence essentialism or evolution, but strictly exposing other theories of evolution and origin of cientÃfico.Aunque man of character has not been scientifically proven non-existence of a divine being, in my opinion, creationism and the theories of the origin of man have no scientific basis for the very essence of the concept of science, which does not mean that a person can not be convinced of the existence and not only by an act of faith.
+ Intelligent Design.
movement has recently appeared or Intelligent Design as an upgrade or modernization of creationism, the beginnings of this movement to 1991 but has deep roots creationists and the theory of Lamarck.
Though not structured as a formal theory, the movement distance of creationism in that it aims to explain the evolution within the field of scientific research, so I separated it from the strictly religious theories. I must admit that sometimes, the champions of Darwin's theory and orthodox science reminds me of the classic institution of the Holy Inquisition and, therefore, have so many religious and philosophical connections as the current itself or the theory of Intelligent Design creationism or even more orthodox.
+ Lamarck theory.
Doctrine expounded by the French evolutionist Lamarck, in 1809, in his work Zoological Philosophy.
According to Lamarck's theory, the evolution of species would be given by the following sequence of events.
- environmental changes give rise to new needs
- These determine the use or misuse of this or other organs.
- Such organs develop or atrophy, respectively.
- thus acquired characters are inherited.
- This theory was thus also a theory origin of man.
Lamarck's theory is often condensed into the phrase, the function creates the organ and fixed inheritance descendientes.El change in the typical example that is set to explain the theory of Lamarck is the evolution of the giraffe's neck because of the effort to eat Johas trees.
+ Darwin theory of natural selection.
biological theory of natural selection put forward by the English naturalist Charles Robert Darwin in his seminal work The Origin of Species, in 1859. Facing
evolutionary doctrine Lamarck, Darwin proposed as the basic engine of evolution, natural selection can be summarized in the following points:
- Individuals differ.
- food shortages forced to struggle for existence.
- Those individuals endowed with favorable variations are more likely to reach adulthood, reproduce and pass on those changes to their offspring.
From the standpoint of philosophy, natural selection theory is based on current known emergentismo.Posteriormente said in his book The Descent of Man and Selection Sexual (1871) a new factor, sexual selection whereby females or males choose as partners those with attractive qualities.
TYPES:
Australopithecus is a genus of fossil hominids with a wide geographical distribution in Africa during the Pliocene. They are probably immediate ancestors of the genus Homo. Etymologically, Australopithecus means "southern ape". " Moved in a bipedal, its brain was similar to that of great apes, had a specialized diet feeding on fruits and vegetables.
Homo habilis is the oldest species of the genus Homo. It is generally accepted that Homo habilis is the first species of the genus Homo, although today some question whether they belong to the genus Homo and rudolfensis located in the first place.
Its name means "skillful man" and refers to the discovery of stone tools made by it. Have made detailed studies of the bones of his hands to see if it would really be possible that Homo's been made. The scientists concluded that he could grab handles to make the necessary manipulations in manufacturing stone tools, probably, was an opportunistic carnivore.
Homo erectus
is extinct hominid which lived between 1.9 million years to 50,000 years ago. His remains are also found in Asia and Europe. Being originally from Africa has been the first species with a tendency to migrate (migration understood as moving in search of new hunting grounds.)
Homo neanderthalensis
Neanderthals were a species well adapted to extreme cold. They note elongated skulls and large, rugged complexion and short, and a large nose; features denote adaptation to cold climates, as seen currently in Arctic populations. Their brains were equal to or larger than modern man. An average Neanderthal would have a height of 1.65 m, of heavy texture and strong musculature.
Homo sapiens
The species belongs to the family of hominids, is characterized, from the taxonomic point of view, like an animal, endowed with a spine segment, the mother will breastfeed their babies, whose gestation takes place in the uterus within a placenta is provided with tips that have 5 fingers, has clavicle and a single pair of mammary glands located in the chest. The brain is large relative to body size.
CRITICS:
Objections to evolution's morality
Another of the common objections to evolution are based on the evolution leads to objective results, including more beliefs, behaviors and events. It is argued that the teaching of evolution degrades the values, moral and further limits the irreligion and atheism. All these can be considered arguments aimed at the consequences, as the potential ramifications of the belief in evolutionary theory have nothing to do with the objective of seeking empirical reality.
The evolution states that humans are no different than animals
As Darwin recognized early on that the most controversial aspect of evolutionary theory is its application to humans. Specifically, many objected to the idea that all life forms, including humans, arose through natural processes without supernatural intervention that gives a difference from other living beings.
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